![]() VP2 is the major capsid protein which contains the main antigenic sites (Tsao et al. ![]() 1988 Decaro and Buonavoglia 2012 Tuteja et al. The first ORF encodes non-structural proteins (NS1 and its splice variant NS2), and the other encodes capsid proteins (VP1 and its truncated version VP2) (Reed et al. The UTRs contain multiple repeated/duplicated sequence motifs which could form stable hairpin structures. The clinical signs of disseminated CPV-2 infections are mostly characterized by vomiting, mucoid/bloody diarrhoea and acute lymphopenia in young puppies, although subclinical infections are also being observed typically in adult dogs (Decaro and Buonavoglia 2012).ĬPV-2 is a small, non-enveloped virus with an approximately 5.2 kb-long linear, negative-sense, single-stranded DNA genome, which contains two major non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) flanked by 3’ and 5’ untranslated regions (UTRs). The currently circulating variants of CPV-2 may cause outbreaks of severe haemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) with a high (up to 70%) mortality rate among unvaccinated susceptible dogs (Decaro and Buonavoglia 2012). Further comparative studies are necessary to confirm the role of the point mutation causing the change in the antigenic type of this “Asian-origin” CPV-2 and/or the role of CaAstV co-infection in the development and/or severity of (haemorrhagic) gastroenteritis among dogs vaccinated against CPV-2.Ĭanine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) together with its ancestor feline panleukopenia virus are currently classified into the family Parvoviridae, genus Protoparvovirus, species Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (Cotmore et al. Both viruses were continuously detectable by PCR in additional enteric samples, and the CPV-2 could also be detected in several ( n = 32) tissue samples from 9 affected deceased puppies. The CaAstV strain FR1/CaAstV-2021-HUN showed close relationship with a CaAstV strain identified previously from a diarrhoeic dog in Hungary. But, based on the single amino acid difference on position 426 of VP2 (Glu/Asp) between the study strain and the closest relatives, FR1/CPV2-2021-HUN belonged to the 2b antigenic type rather than 2c. Results of sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that CPV-2 strain FR1/CPV2-2021-HUN was different from the applied vaccine strains and previously identified strains from Hungary but showed high sequence identity (> 99.8%) and close phylogenetic relationship to recently described “Asian-origin” CPV-2c strains from Italy. The complete coding sequence of CPV-2 strain FR1/CPV2-2021-HUN (ON733252) and the complete genome of CaAstV strain FR1/CaAstV-2021-HUN (ON733251) were determined by VM-NGS and PCR methods. ![]() Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2, Parvoviridae) and canine astrovirus (CaAstV, Astroviridae) co-infection was identified by viral metagenomics and next-generation sequencing (VM-NGS) methods from a rectal swab of an affected 7-week-old puppy. In this study, the aetiological background of an outbreak of severe haemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) in a colony of purebred Jack Russell Terriers vaccinated against CPV-2 in Hungary was investigated.
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